Creating and Using Custom Exceptions

In this problem, you will create a program that implements a custom InsufficientFundsException class and a BankAccount class to validate withdrawals and handle exceptions for insufficient balance.

Learning Objective: Understand how to create custom exception classes and implement exception handling for business logic

Overview

Create a custom exception InsufficientFundsException to represent insufficient balance in a bank account and use it for withdrawal validation.

Specifications

InsufficientFundsException Class (extends Exception)

• Field: double shortfall (the deficit amount)
• Constructor: accepts a message and shortfall, calls super(message) to initialize the superclass
• Method: getShortfall() returns the shortfall amount

BankAccount Class

• Field: double balance
• Constructor: accepts initial balance
• Method: withdraw(double amount) performs withdrawal
  • If insufficient balance (amount > balance), throws InsufficientFundsException with message "Balance insufficient for withdrawal" and the shortfall amount
  • On success, deducts from balance
• Method: getBalance() returns the balance

Main Class

• static void withdraw(double initialBalance, double amount) throws InsufficientFundsException
  • Creates a BankAccount with the given initial balance and calls withdraw(amount)
  • Propagates InsufficientFundsException if balance is insufficient
• Include a main method (for compilation)

Test Method

Each test case calls Main.withdraw(double, double) directly and verifies:

• Valid withdrawals (e.g., 300.0 from balance 1000.0) do not throw an exception
• Invalid withdrawals (e.g., 1500.0 from balance 1000.0) throw InsufficientFundsException with message "Balance insufficient for withdrawal"