Exception Chaining with Cause

In this problem: You will implement the "exception chaining" pattern that wraps low-level exceptions in high-level exceptions while preserving the original cause for traceability.

Learning Objective: Understand exception chaining (cause) mechanism and practical usage

Overview

Exception chaining preserves the original exception as the cause when catching a low-level exception and converting it to a high-level one.

Specifications

• DataAccessException extends Exception: constructor with message and cause
• ServiceException extends Exception: constructor with message and cause
• Repository class: findById(int id) method
  • If id < 0: throws DataAccessException("Invalid ID: " + id, new IllegalArgumentException("ID must be positive"))
• Service class: getUser(int id) method
  • Calls Repository.findById(), catches DataAccessException and wraps in ServiceException
• In Main, traverse the exception chain and output each level's message

Output Format

Service error: Failed to get user
  Caused by: Invalid ID: -1
  Root cause: ID must be positive